ĝhers- and partly ĝher-

    ĝhers- and partly ĝher-

    English meaning: rigid, *pig

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘starren”

    Note: (see also gher-3)

    Note: From an extended zero grade of Root eĝhi- (*eĝhi-no-s): “hedgehog (*serpent eater)” derived Root ĝhers-, ĝher- : “rigid, *pig” > Root pork̂o-s : “pig” : Illyr.-italic-celtic ĝʷh- > pphonetic mutation; also (*eĝhi-no-s) > (*ĝhers) abbreviation and rhotacism n/r.

    Note: Root eĝhi- (*eĝhi-no-s): “hedgehog (*serpent eater)” derived from Root angʷ(h)i- (*egʷhi-, ogʷhi- and eĝhi-): ‘snake, worm, (*hedgehog = snake eater)”

    Material: O.Ind. hárṣatē, hŕ̥ṣyati “wird starr, sträubt sich, schaudert, is excited, aroused, freut sich”; Av. zaršayamna- “die Federn aufsträubend” (zarš- = zr̥š- = Lat. horreō); zarštva- n. “ stone “; Arm. jar (-i, -iv) “ mane of horse “ (*ĝheri-); Maybe from Arm. jar (-i, -iv) “ mane of horse “ > turk. yele ) “ mane of horse “ > Alb. jele “ mane of horse “. Gk. χέρσος (Att. χέρρος) f. “Festland”, nachHom. also adj. “unfruchtbar, dry, tight, firm”; perhaps lengthened gradees noun from the s-losen root form ĝher- (or gher-): χήρ χηρός “hedgehog” (= Lat. ēr, ēris ds., ērīcius, ērinüceus, hērinüceus ds.); Rom. (*ērīcius ) arici “hedgehog”: Alb. (*ērīcius ) iriqi “hedgehog” [conservative singular definite form (Alb. phonetic trait)] Gk. χοῖρος (< *ĝhori̯os) “piglet” (as Borstentier), χοιράς “angeschwollene gland am Halse; cliff” (or to gher-3 “hervorstechen”, see there); Alb. derr ‘swine” (< *ĝhōr-n- with lengthened grade as in χήρ), derk “piglet, sow” (< *ĝhōrn̥- k);

    Note: Common Alb. shift ĝh > d; also Alb. (*derk-us) derkuc “piglet”, (*ĝherkos) dosë ‘sow” proves that solidified -us : -os ending was attested also in Proto-Alb. Lat. horreō, -ēre “rauh sein, stare; shudder, sich entsetzen” (= Av. zaršaya-); auf *gherkʷo- with dial. i from e before r + Gutt. (e.g. stircus : stercus) based on Lat. hircus, sabin. fircus “he-goat” (hirquīnus, hircīnus “of he-goat; billy goat “) = Osc.-sab. hirpus “lupus” (whereof the people’s name Hirpini); in addition also hirtus “bristly”, hirsūtus ‘struppig, rough”; auf parallelem *ĝhers-kʷos based on (as Osc.-Umbr. Lw.) hispidus “rough”; mars. sabin. herna n. pl. ‘saxa” (*ĝhers-no-); O.Ir. garb, Welsh garw “rough” (ghr̥-u̯o-); O.E. gorst ‘steckginster” and die etymologisch cognate group ĝherzd- “barley”. compare in allg. Fick I4 219, 435, II4 107, III4 130 (and Falk-Torp under gjørs m. Lith. about den fish names Nor. gjørs “lucioperca, Sander”, Swe. gers “acerina, chub”, prakrit. jhaṣa- “ein gewisser fish”).

    References: WP. I 610, WH. I 413 f., 650, 659.